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Главная » Статьи » Системное администрирование » Об ОС *Nix

RDM settings to passthrough local disk to VM on ESXi vSphere

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ESXi provides the ability to use raw device mapping (RDM) as a method to provide a VM with direct access to a LUN on a Fibre CHannel or iSCSI storage device. RDMs are useful should you have to share a LUN with a physical server or have SAN utilities running in the VM that will be able to access the LUN directly.

You can also use a RDM to provide a VM direct access to a local SATA drive that is connected a SATA controller. This method was first posted by Mário Simões in the forums here as a method to run RAID 5 in a VM on a SATA controller that did not support RAID. This method would also be useful for importing data from existing servers, but one should note that this is not officially supported. In the below example, the host is an Asus P5E-VM DO with a Seagate drive connected to an Intel ICH9 controller.

1) The first step of the process is to determine the disk that you'll want to use for the RDM. You can run fdisk -l and you'll be able to see all the disks that ESXi has access to. As shown below the system has a WD drive upon which ESXi is installed and hold the main datastore. An existing VMFS datastore is required as a pointer VMDK file will be created for the RDM and this must be stored on a VMFS datastore. The system also has a Seagate drive that is identified as t10.ATA_____ST3500630AS_________________________________________9QG3CC60 and is unused.

~ # fdisk -l

Disk /dev/disks/t10.ATA_____ST3500630AS_________________________________________9QG3CC60: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

Disk /dev/disks/t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 476940 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/disks/t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992p1 5 900 917504 5 Extended
/dev/disks/t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992p2 901 4995 4193280 6 FAT16
/dev/disks/t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992p3 4996 476941 483271704 fb VMFS
/dev/disks/t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992p4 * 1 4 4080 4 FAT16 <32M
/dev/disks/t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992p5 5 254 255984 6 FAT16
/dev/disks/t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992p6 255 504 255984 6 FAT16
/dev/disks/t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992p7 505 614 112624 fc VMKcore
/dev/disks/t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992p8 615 900 292848 6 FAT16

2) The next step is to run the command ls /dev/disks/ -l. This is used to determine the VML identifier for the disk. The VML ID will be used in the command to create the RDM.

ls /dev/disks/ -l
-rw------- 1 root root 500107862016 Oct 22 07:15 t10.ATA_____ST3500630AS_________________________________________9QG3CC60
-rw------- 1 root root 500107862016 Oct 22 07:15 t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992
-rw------- 1 root root 939524096 Oct 22 07:15 t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992:1
-rw------- 1 root root 4293918720 Oct 22 07:15 t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992:2
-rw------- 1 root root 494870224896 Oct 22 07:15 t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992:3
-rw------- 1 root root 4177920 Oct 22 07:15 t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992:4
-rw------- 1 root root 262127616 Oct 22 07:15 t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992:5
-rw------- 1 root root 262127616 Oct 22 07:15 t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992:6
-rw------- 1 root root 115326976 Oct 22 07:15 t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992:7
-rw------- 1 root root 299876352 Oct 22 07:15 t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992:8
l--------- 0 root root 1984 Jan 1 1970 vml.01000000002020202020202020202020203951473358423630535433353030 -> t10.ATA_____ST3500630AS_________________________________________9QG3CC60
l--------- 0 root root 1984 Jan 1 1970 vml.0100000000202020202057442d574341533832393031393932574443205744 -> t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992
l--------- 0 root root 1984 Jan 1 1970 vml.0100000000202020202057442d574341533832393031393932574443205744:1 -> t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992:1
l--------- 0 root root 1984 Jan 1 1970 vml.0100000000202020202057442d574341533832393031393932574443205744:2 -> t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992:2
l--------- 0 root root 1984 Jan 1 1970 vml.0100000000202020202057442d574341533832393031393932574443205744:3 -> t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992:3
l--------- 0 root root 1984 Jan 1 1970 vml.0100000000202020202057442d574341533832393031393932574443205744:4 -> t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992:4
l--------- 0 root root 1984 Jan 1 1970 vml.0100000000202020202057442d574341533832393031393932574443205744:5 -> t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992:5
l--------- 0 root root 1984 Jan 1 1970 vml.0100000000202020202057442d574341533832393031393932574443205744:6 -> t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992:6
l--------- 0 root root 1984 Jan 1 1970 vml.0100000000202020202057442d574341533832393031393932574443205744:7 -> t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992:7
l--------- 0 root root 1984 Jan 1 1970 vml.0100000000202020202057442d574341533832393031393932574443205744:8 -> t10.ATA_____WDC_WD5000AAKS2D00YGA0________________________WD2DWCAS82934992:8

3) To create the RDM you'll use the command vmkfstools. In the below example I've created a folder called RDMs on a datastore to hold the VMDK mapping file that will be created for the RDM. The vmkfstools command is run the the -r switch and I've also specified that the controller should be set to be LSILogic (instead of the default BusLogic). The command created the mapping files RDM1.vmdk and RDM1-flat.vmdk. The contents of RDM1.vmdk are shown below and while the RDM1-flat.vmdk file appears to be 500 GB in size it actually takes up next to no disk space.

/vmfs/volumes/4a7cf921-017eb919-bb32-000423e540c6/RDMs # vmkfstools -r /vmfs/devices/disks/vml.01000000002020202020202020202020203951473358423630535433353030 RDM1.vmdk -a lsilogic
/vmfs/volumes/4a7cf921-017eb919-bb32-000423e540c6/RDMs # ls -l
-rw------- 1 root root 500107862016 Oct 22 07:28 RDM1-rdm.vmdk
-rw------- 1 root root 459 Oct 22 07:28 RDM1.vmdk
/vmfs/volumes/4a7cf921-017eb919-bb32-000423e540c6/RDMs # cat RDM1.vmdk
# Disk DescriptorFile
version=1
encoding="UTF-8"
CID=ef5ed87c
parentCID=ffffffff
createType="vmfsRawDeviceMap"

# Extent description
RW 976773168 VMFSRDM "RDM1-rdm.vmdk"

# The Disk Data Base
#DDB

ddb.virtualHWVersion = "7"
ddb.longContentID = "99893594518fe8d6d9454db3ef5ed87c"
ddb.uuid = "60 00 C2 9f 7d 63 e6 e1-21 a4 da 24 ef f6 af 0b"
ddb.geometry.cylinders = "60801"
ddb.geometry.heads = "255"
ddb.geometry.sectors = "63"
ddb.adapterType = "lsilogic"

4) Once the RDM has been created, you'll be able to add it to a VM. As shown in the below image, a VM was edited to add an existing disk file and the RDM1.vmdk file was chosen. The VM was then powered on and Windows was installed to the RDM. After the install the VM displayed the drive as a VMware Virtual Disk. At this point it would have been possible to remove the drive from the server, plug it into a physical server and access the data written by the OS install onto the disk as there was no VMFS layer present as is the case when a VMDK is stored on datastore.

 

CREATING A PHYSICAL RDM

In the above example a virtual RDM was created which is useful if you want to take snapshots of the VM. You can also create physical RDMs which are required if you plan to share a RDM with a physical host or if you need to run SAN management software within the VM. With a physical RDM nearly all SCSI commands are passed directly to the disk rather being handled by the VMkernel. With a physical RDM you are not able to use snapshots so it is not too useful for local storage, but the below process describes what you need to do.

1) You'll first need to determine the VML ID for the disk as shown in steps 1 and 2 above. Once that is done you'll be able to run vmkfstools to create the physical RDM. But instead of using the -r switch you'll use -z (or --createrdmpassthru) to create the VMDK mapping file. As with the virtual RDM, a VMDK file is created with the relevant data for the RDM, but in this case the other file is in the format of rdm.vmdk instead of flat.vmdk. As with the flat.vmdk file, the rdm.vmdk file shows the size of the raw physical disk but takes up next to no space on the VMFS datastore.

/vmfs/volumes/4a7cf921-017eb919-bb32-000423e540c6/RDMs # vmkfstools -z /vmfs/devices/disks/vml.01000000002020202020202020202020203951473358423630535433353030 RDM1P.vmdk -a lsilogic
/vmfs/volumes/4a7cf921-017eb919-bb32-000423e540c6/RDMs # ls -l
-rw------- 1 root root 500107862016 Oct 22 07:28 RDM1-rdm.vmdk
-rw------- 1 root root 485 Oct 22 19:32 RDM1.vmdk
-rw------- 1 root root 500107862016 Oct 22 19:33 RDM1P-rdmp.vmdk
-rw------- 1 root root 472 Oct 22 19:33 RDM1P.vmdk
/vmfs/volumes/4a7cf921-017eb919-bb32-000423e540c6/RDMs # cat RDM1P.vmdk
# Disk DescriptorFile
version=1
encoding="UTF-8"
CID=068a56bb
parentCID=ffffffff
createType="vmfsPassthroughRawDeviceMap"

# Extent description
RW 976773168 VMFSRDM "RDM1P-rdmp.vmdk"

# The Disk Data Base
#DDB

ddb.virtualHWVersion = "7"
ddb.longContentID = "8291253e77a09bcf3ea5eb21068a56bb"
ddb.uuid = "60 00 C2 9a f6 7b 03 7f-b3 ab 00 d0 6e 32 95 eb"
ddb.geometry.cylinders = "60801"
ddb.geometry.heads = "255"
ddb.geometry.sectors = "63"
ddb.adapterType = "lsilogic"
/vmfs/volumes/4a7cf921-017eb919-bb32-000423e540c6/RDMs #

2) Once you have created the physical RDM you can add it to a VM. This is where I ran into my first problem with SATA RDMs. I found that a VM would not boot from a physical RDM (it would hang after the main BIOS screen) but it would be just fine if I recreated a virtual RDM with the same physical disk. I was able to add the physical RDM as a data disk to existing servers and those would boot without any issues. In the first image below you'll notice that the Compatibility Mode for the RDM is listed as Physical. In the second image, you can see the the VM sees the actual hard drive model (Seagate - ATA ST3500630AS) instead of as a VMware virtual disk as was the case in the virtual RDM example above.

 

[-]  D Pandey 11-18-2009

Does this work in ESX 4.0? I keep getting the error message "Invalid Argument (1441801)" on ESX 4.0.

[-]  Dave Mishchenko 11-19-2009

I haven't tested ESX but I would expect this to work. Post a question in the forum with the command syntax and output of fdisk - l and we can look at it further if you'd like.

[-]  D Pandey 11-19-2009

I registered as a user and posted my message in "Unsupported Hardware" forum. A moderator needs to approve the post, though. I am waiting for that approval.

[-]  Ewald van Geffen 12-16-2009

This actually works in ESXi 4.0 also in ESXi 3.5 update 2. Other commands that might come in handy :

 

4.0 : esxcfg-scsidevs -l

3.5 : esxcfg-vmhbadevs -l

 

both commands seem to do the same. See this manpage :

http://www.jume.nl/esx4man/man8/esxcfg-scsidevs.8.html

[-]  Scott W 12-22-2009

THANKS! I am a noob to ESXi and was able to create a virtual RDM first time out. I did have to change directories to a datastore before executing vmfkstools -r, got an error when I tried to do it from the root.

[-]  chris 12-27-2009

Hello, I'm a complete nub at anything NOT windoze related. I have followed this page to a T, well as far as I can anyways.

I get permission denied when I try to actually create the RDM1p.vmdk file.

Any Ideas why? I am logged on as root.

[-]  Dave Mishchenko 12-28-2009

Chris, could you post a thread in the forum with the syntax of your vmkfstools command?

[-]  ProStar 01-19-2010

Maybe I have found a use for the 'Physical RDM' ...

Wouldn't it be a good idea to have a virtual storage appliance (like Openfiler or FreeSAN) use the physical RDMs as storage devices, then create a RAID 0/1/5 on those drives (software RAID), and then map that space using iSCSI to the VMWare ESXi host?

Advantage seems to flexibility as your storage devices could also be mounted with some linux BootCD in case of emergency and performance as the storage appliance gets direct access to the storage devices (without going through VMWare)? Question: is there any performance advantage to be expected?

[-]  ProStar 01-19-2010

Sorry for the post above ... seems that this is EXACTLY what it was created for by Mário Simões.

[-]  dragon788 02-07-2010

Just did this on ESXi 4 with 5x 1TB Hitachi disks to migrate my FreeNAS ZFS storage from physical to virtual. Appears to be working perfectly, running a zpool scrub right now, going to eyeball some of my data and then see how well it performs. Thanks to Dave and Mario for their great work, this is EXACTLY what I was hoping I could do when I first setup ESXi.

[-]  xi.b 02-26-2010

I tried this command under ESXi3.5 u5

vmkfstools -z /vmfs/devices/disks/vmhba000:0:0:0 /vmfs/volumes/datastore01/FreeNAS/RDM1.vmdk

but get this error:

Failed to create virtual disk: Invalid argument (1441801).

I follow this thread also but seems there's no solution yet:

http://communities.vmware.com/thread/127563

Any advise will be appreciated!

[-]  Frederic Kinnaer 04-06-2010

Concerning the invalid argument error: I was able to fix this problem by first creating a vmfs volume on the affected drive (that is, the one you want to map) and then removing it. It immediatly worked; I have this prob with two disks, I think they were empty but anyways, if it are disks with data on them that you want to pass to i.e. a P2V'd server.. Well you'll need to be creative ;)

Good luck!

[-]  Patrick C 04-07-2010

I get the error

~ # vmkfstools -z /vmfs/devices/disks/vml.vml.01000000004c3630344b5041472020202020202020202020204d6178746f72 RDM1.vdk -a lsilogic

Failed to create virtual disk: The destination file system does not support large files (12).

Im just trying to use my sata disks on my virtual windows xp machine. Mainly just using it for shares access on my network.

any help would be great.

[-]  Dave Mishchenko 04-07-2010

Usually you get this error when you try to create a VMDK file that is too large for the formatted block size on a VMFS datastore. Is the double vml. a typo?

[-]  Curt 05-11-2010

Those getting the error while running the vmkfstools command are probably not in the correct folder, notice how vmkfstools was run in the "/vmfs/volumes/4a7cf921-017eb919-bb32-000423e540c6/RDMs" folder. You need to be in the /vmfs/volumes/*drive name* (*drive name* is the name of the folder that ESX is installed in, I renamed mine to 250LocalDrive in ESX so it made finding the folder easier). Then create a new folder (such as RDMs). Enter that folder and run your commands vmkfstools commands.

I missed this the first time, but kept trying.

[-]  Darren 07-09-2010

I successfully created the RDMP.vmdk file and I can see it in the datastore. However, the Raw Device Mapping option is still greyed out when attempting to attach another hard disk. Any ideas? I'm running ESXi, and created a local datastore where I created the file.

[-]  Darren 07-09-2010

Disregard my above post... I was trying to create a new RDM instead of connecting to an already existed RDM file. It now works - thanks!

[-]  Ricardo Viteri 07-11-2010

Hi,

I just tested this and its great. I added a local SATA disc formatted with NTFS and 250GB of info to a FreeNAS VM and its working beautifully.

Good work!

[-]  Ville 07-23-2010

Excellent post! I just added a vRDM to a FreeBSD VM with no problems. Thank you!

[-]  Scott 09-17-2010

Would this method work for a 30 Terabyte RDM? I have been having a hard time passing through my LSI MegaRaid, even though iommu is enabled on my motherboard. I wanted to pass this 30Terabyte partition to my openfiler VM.

 

[-]  Dave Mishchenko 09-17-2010

No, ESX(i) is currently limited to 2 TB LUNs. If you're going to use the controller for passthrough into a VM it must be exclusively dedicated to that (i.e. you can't be booting ESXi from it or hosting a datastore with it).

[-]  Pär 10-03-2010

Just wanted to add some information regarding RDMs on my system. I have an ESXi 4.0.0 install on a Gigabyte GA-EQ45M-S2 based system.

I first connected the drives to my Adaptec 2610SA controller (Dell/HP OEM card), but when trying to create an RDM I got the "Invalid Argument (1441801)" error. I then connected the drive to the onboard sata controller, and then the RDM was successfully created.

Hope this helps someone.

Regards, Pär

[-]  mike 10-04-2010

Hi,

just trying to make sense out of it... do I need a vt-d support on the motherboard / raid controller in order to be able to do RDM on my system?

thanks

[-]  Dave Mishchenko 10-04-2010

Hi Mike, you don't require VT-d to create an RDM. With an RDM the entire disk or LUN is passed to the virtual machine, but I/O still goes through a virtual SCSI adapter.

If you were using VMDirectpath the virtual machine would have full control of the physical storage controller and you wouldn't need to use an RDM as the guest OS would see both the adapter and any connected storage.

[-]  Brad Baker 11-10-2010

Guys - This error:

Failed to create virtual disk: Invalid argument (1441801)

Is because you are trying to create the VMDK in a restricted directory. CD over to something such as this:

/vmfs/volumes/YOUR_DISK_NAMES_HERE

and then try the commands again.

Worked for me, but I didn't get openfiler to recognize the NTFS formatted disks and their data. Goal was to use the disks that were created using NTFS and then offer them up as iSCSI mounts to the network. So far no luck, but I'm still working on it.

[-]  vincent 11-24-2010

Excellent tutorial.

Can anybody comment on experience using rdm with virtual nas VMs (Feeenas, Openfiler, Nexenta, EON, etc..) ?

I am mostly looking for info regarding the handeling of RAID/zfs when it omes to drive failures and also drive spindown/SMART reporting..

For instance can I swap a failed disk for a new one, create a new RDM and map it again to freenas and expect the RAID rebuild to occur? - or is there any other steps to perform?

My goal is to reduce power consumption on my ESXi 4.1 boxes but I want to keep this manageable. I successfully set up RDM in the past but struggled to go back to standard setup - I had to format the dis in another machine to be able to do so..

I understand using one of these new big 3TB disk in ESX still seem to be a no-go, except using iommu /vt-d to map an entire storage controller controller to a VM, correct?

THanks!

[-]  Christine 11-24-2010

We're testing an eval version(enterprise plus) of ESXi4.1 We've tried the steps above and are getting the following error:

"Failed to create virtual disk: Device or resource busy (1048585)"

We are using various SAN arrays (EMC Symmetrix, Clariion, HDS) and all have the RDM option grayed out.

Anyone run into this?

Thanks...

[-]  Dave Mishchenko 11-28-2010

@Vincent - if you need to go over 3 TB then you'd need to use VMDirectpath. ESXi 5 is said to be out in Sep 11 I would expect that the 2 TB limit will be gone then.

@Christine - are you using FC or iSCSI. I wouldn't expect to use this method with the storage that you list.

[-]  carl 12-15-2010

I'm trying to create an RDM from a local LUN (Created by an ARECA RAID controller). I can't add this lun as direct storage, since the RDM button is greyed out...so I figured that this method might work. I followed the steps, and found the correct VML file, I was in the correct directory when executing the vmkfstools, but I get the error "Failed to create virtual disk: There is not enough space on the filesystem for the selected operation (13)".

 

The root fs is only 20% used and I thought that this operation didn't actually create any space...what am I missing? Any help would be appreciated.

 

my command: ~# vmkfstools -r /vmfs/devices/disks/vml.0100070000303030303030303334313330353232324152432d3132 RDM1.vmdk -a lsilogic

[-]  John Gentle 12-31-2010

I just want to say THANKS! I used this once before and loved it. I decided to make some changes to my VM so I needed it again and spent about 3 hours trying to find it. AWESOME tutorial. I will bookmark it this time :)

[-]  aurelio 01-01-2011

Hello,

I am experiencing this problem:

/vmfs/volumes/my-ds/my-vm # vmkfstools -z /vmfs/devices/disks/vml.0000000000766d686261323a313a30 rdm1p.vmdk -a lsilogic -v 20

DISKLIB-LIB : CREATE: "rdm1p.vmdk" -- vmfsPassthroughRawDeviceMap capacity=0 (0 bytes) adapter=lsilogic devicePath='/vmfs/devices/disks/vml.0000000000766d686261323a313a30'

Failed to create virtual disk: Invalid argument (1441801).

/vmfs/volumes/my-ds/my-vm # vmkfstools -z /dev/disks/vml.0000000000766d686261323a313a30 rdm1p.vmdk -a lsilogic -v 20

DISKLIB-LIB : CREATE: "rdm1p.vmdk" -- vmfsPassthroughRawDeviceMap capacity=0 (0 bytes) adapter=lsilogic devicePath='/dev/disks/vml.0000000000766d686261323a313a30'

Failed to create virtual disk: The specified device is not a valid physical disk device (20).

...the same happens if I try virtual rdm (-r).

the device I am trying to make a rdm for is a slightly-less-than-2tb raid 1+0 volume on an hp smartarray controller.

It has no partition on it and it is completely unused at the moment to my knowledge.

I stopped all the VM and tried in standard and maintenance mode.

Relevant information:

/vmfs/volumes/my-ds/my-vm # fdisk -l

[...]

Disk /dev/disks/mpx.vmhba2:C0:T1:L0: 2000.3 GB, 2000342441984 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 243194 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

[...]

/vmfs/volumes/my-ds/my-vm # ls -al /dev/disks

[...]

-rw------- 1 root root 2000342441984 Jan 2 01:10 mpx.vmhba2:C0:T1:L0

[...]

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Jan 2 01:10 vml.0000000000766d686261323a313a30 -> mpx.vmhba2:C0:T1:L0

[...]

[-]  Thomas Sellmaier 01-05-2011

I want to THANK YOU for this great tutorial.

Now i can use NexentStor on my homeserver with the flexibility and the performance as expected.

Fat THANKS from Germany!

[-]  Dave Mishchenko 01-06-2011

@aurelio - if you're still having a problem it would be better to discuss this in the forum - http://www.vm-help.com/forum/.

[-]  Robert 01-10-2011

Thanks! This tutorial was exactly what I was looking for.

However, the RD1000 I was planning to use for backups is terribly slow (5 MB/sec). Should be at least 6 times as much. Anyone else seeing performance problems with RDM? I'm running Linux btw.

[-]  Jesse 01-14-2011

Thanks! This is what I was looking for as well.

 

I experience the same results as Robert, the Backup now runs at about 1/4th the speed it ran before converting to ESXi. The backup will start and show great speeds but as the job progresses, it slows down to 5-10MB/sec. Is this just a limitation of an configuration to make this work?

[-]  TomC 01-20-2011

@Jesse - My guess is that the USB driver is the ESXi kernel is not as efficient as the

native Drivers. At the very least, if it is writing many small files, the overhead of

translating trough the virtual layers can't be totally free.

Hopefully, this will trigger thoughts from the real experts.

Page 15 of the Vsphere Best Practices document at

http://www.vmware.com/pdf/Perf_Best_Practices_vSphere4.1.pdf

indicates that USB uses a polling scheme which can affect VMware performace.

[-]  lao 01-25-2011

OK I do.

[-]  Jonny 02-20-2011

I am trying to create the RDM on esxi 4.1 with

vmkfstools -r /vmfs/devices/disks/vml.02000000006a4badb050ccf90014e1c659103b24ce504552432036 RDM1.vmdk -a lsilogic

but i get the error

Failed to create virtual disk: Device or resource busy (1048585)

any idea?

[-]  Dave Mishchenko 02-21-2011

@Jonny - is the current folder on a vmfs datastore?

[-]  Simon Haslam 03-07-2011

Assuming you're trying to create the rdm in a vmfs datastore and you've got the vml filename right, can I suggest anyone getting "Failed to create virtual disk: Invalid argument (1441801)" please post the details of your controller model and whether you're mapping to a logical (RAID) disk or straight to a physical disk. KB Article: 1017530 suggests it may depend on the controller (due to the device ID presented to ESXi for a logical disk) so it would be useful to know which ones have been successful (or not).

For the record: my HP P400i SAS/SATA doesn't seem to work when trying to create a RDM p/v for a logical RAID0 disk made from slices from two disks.

Good luck!

[-]  Jimmy C 04-06-2011

Getting the same error as Jonny in regard to:

Failed to create virtual disk: Device or resource busy (1048585)

I created 3 other Physical RDMS in the same folder on a vmfs datastore. Any ideas?

[-]  Manu 07-22-2011

I have these problem:

/vmfs/volumes/2da668ef-40e5d96b-90bf-855ddb9c5547/RDMs # vmkfstools -r /dev/disks/vml.01000000002020202020202020202020203656504238545039535433313030 RDM1.vmdk -a lsilogic

Failed to create virtual disk: The specified device is not a valid physical disk device (20).

/vmfs/volumes/2da668ef-40e5d96b-90bf-855ddb9c5547/RDMs #

[-]  Mike 08-08-2011

THANK YOU! In case it may be helpful: I got errors first time I tried using vmkfstools and it turns out it was because the disk I was trying to map already had a partition table (two partitions). I booted from a Linux rescue CD, used fdisk to wipe the parition table, then rebooted back into ESXi and vmkfstools worked like a charm.

[-]  Elvis 08-29-2011

Great tutorial. Works for ESXi5.0 as well.

I installed a ESXi5.0 in a HP N36L Micro server and created some VMs in local VMFS disk running Ubuntu, and Solaris 11 Express. Also map 4 RDM disks to setup as RaidZ NAS.

Works awesome but only the transfer speed is not very good. I connected everything via Gigabit network but I got only 50M download speed from my NAS and 10M upload speed to my NAS.

[-]  Noel 08-30-2011

I found that ESXi 4.1 kept crashing when I followed these step.

It is important that you set the RDM on another SCSI channel. Set the first drive as 1:0, the second as 1:1 and so on. This will solve a lot of issues people may have.

[-]  César Avelar 09-25-2011

Hello from Jundiaí-SP-Brasil

 

For all that heave ESXi 5

 

I try this tuto for create a physical RDM and I have all work very well.

 

Great thing.

 

Thank's a lot for all.

[-]  Eric (CladMonitor) 09-29-2011

ESXi5.0.0 (enterprise) works flawlessly! Great for doing Baremetal Backups of Windows 2008R2 VMs in a pinch (moves data over crappy SATA 3gb/s on Crappier Barracuda LP disks at 78MB/s)

[-]  Tom 10-20-2011

Hello

I think i have succeeded with creating the RDM but the option to choose a Raw Device Mapping when adding a harddrive stays disabled

[-]  Dave Mishchenko 10-20-2011

Once you have create the RDM, edit the VM and add an existing virtual disk. Then find the vmdk that was created. When you use the wizard to add an RDM it will only diplay SAN LUNs (i.e. LUNs supported for RDM).

[-]  Jun 12-13-2011

hi! I was following the instruction to create a RDM for my VM while logged in "root" in ESXi 4.1. However, I got a "permission denied" while executing

/vmfs/volumes/4eb2f847-98a27862-f8c5-180373c6a21f/RDMs # vmkfstools -r

in local TSM. I double-checked that the volume number is consistent with my datastore. The same denial also appeared on running this command

/vmfs/devices/disks/vml.01000000002020202020202020202020203556503945444a4e535433313030 RDM1.vmdk -a lsilogic

I was trying to create the vmdk for RDM, and it seemed that I got the same problem as chris posted on 12-27-2009. I've no idea how to configure the permission settings. Can anyone help, please?

[-]  Jun 12-13-2011

BTW, do I have to use another HDD without any VMs or even without any partitions to create the RDM? Thanks alot!

[-]  Aaron 01-09-2012

Jun-

Not exactly sure what permissions are required for the RDM files but you may want to try and create the RDM VMDK on the root of the datastore rather than in a subdirectory. In addition you shouldn't have any problem creating these on a datastore that also contains VMs. I've done this many times.

[-]  Nikolai 03-30-2012

First I want to thank you for the great tutorial.

For all of you who have esxi 5 and have problems with large disks > 2TB and just want to access them directly from the vm can use the -z switch instead of -r

vmkfstools -z /vmfs/devices/disks/vml.01000000002020202020202020202020203951473358423630535433353030 RDM1.vmdk -a lsilogic

This will probably only work for disks < 60TB (untested) see: http://blogs.vmware.com/vsphere/2011/07/new-vsphere-50-storage-features-part-1-vmfs-5.html

[-]  S Kuppa 04-30-2012

works great.. why this is not documented in ESXi.

[-]  Quang 05-30-2012

Hi, I do exactly what you show but when I install windows 2003 on the disk, the setup detected GPT disk instead of MBR so it told me that Windows 2003 x86 cannot install on GPT disk. What is the problem?

 

MY CONF:

#for  t10.ATA_____WDC_WD30EZRX2D00MMMB0_________________________WD2DWMAWZ0264083

vmkfstools -z /vmfs/devices/disks/vml.0100000000202020202057442d574d41575a30323634303833574443205744 /vmfs/volumes/datastore1/RDMs/RDM_3TB1.vmdk -a lsilogic

#for t10.ATA_____WDC_WD30EZRX2D00MMMB0_________________________WD2DWMAWZ0265314

vmkfstools -z /vmfs/devices/disks/vml.0100000000202020202057442d574d41575a30323635333134574443205744 /vmfs/volumes/datastore1/RDMs/RDM_3TB2.vmdk -a lsilogic

 



Источник: http://www.vm-help.com/esx40i/SATA_RDMs.php
Категория: Об ОС *Nix | Добавил: admin (14.10.2012)
Просмотров: 31785 | Комментарии: 542 | Теги: LUN, RDM, VMware, vmkfstools, vSphere | Рейтинг: 0.0/0
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